ELISA Research
ELISA Research FAQs
In order to provide better customer support, we have published Answers to the most Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about Elabscience® products.
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The medium containing phenol red may have an effect on the detection of testosterone. Phenol red is used in the medium as an indicator of PH: red when neutral, yellow when acidic, and purple when alkaline. Studies have shown that phenol red can mimic the effects of sterol hormones (especially estrogen). To avoid sterol reactions, cultured cells, especially mammalian cells, are cultured without phenol red. Introduce a tip: when the medium is packaged, leave a tube with phenol red and put it in the incubator to balance (you can see the change in PH value, and you can see whether the medium is polluted). Put in the incubator before culture for balanced use (can avoid the use of phenol red during culture).
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According to the ApoE gene model, the synthesis of ApoE is controlled by three alleles located at a single gene locus, namely E2, E3 and E4. Each allele corresponds to a major isomer to produce three homozygotes (E2/2, E3/3, E4/4) and three heterozygotes (E2/3, E2/4, E3/4), a total of six common phenotypes. ApoE 3/4 is at the gene level, and ELISA kit detects the APOE content at the protein level, which cannot reflect the expression of APOE3/4 at the gene level.
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PGI2 is extremely unstable, with a half-life of 14.5 min in an aqueous solution with a pH of 7.48. In a neutral medium, it can also be hydrolyzed to 6-ketone PGFla. The kit design is PGI2, but because PGI2 is relatively unstable in biological fluid samples, the antibody we designed also cross-reacts to its metabolite 6-keto PGFla, aiming to react the total amount of PGI2 by detecting the content of 6-keto PGFla and PGI2.
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Cytochrome-c: the most abundant and stable Cytochrome. Participate in energy transfer; Cytochrome P450 aromatase: A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase that catalyzes the conversion of C19 androgens, androgen-4-ene-3, 17-dione (androstenedione) and testosterone to C18 estrogens, estrone and estradiol, respectively.
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These two items are different, and E-EL-H0835 detects 1196-1218aa of Human CTXⅠ; E-EL-H0960 detects 1207-1214aa of Human β-CTx. In addition, the functions of the two are different. CTXⅠ is the degradation indicator of type I collagen. β-CTx was the evaluation index of bone reresorption.
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The sC5b-9 kit detects the total, both active and inactive forms. MAC is present on cells, but when the multifunctional glycoprotein S protein (vitronectin) binds to the liquid phase of C5b9, it forms a complex that cannot attach to cells, called SC5b9. SC5b-9 is a membrane-attacking complex present in plasma. At abnormally elevated concentrations, SC5B-9 exhibits cytotoxicity, interacts with cytoskeletal components or membrane proteins to produce non-lethal effects on cells, and plays an important role in the pathological process of certain diseases. This kit measures the concentration of sC5b-9, which is generally used to study disease models related to sC5b-9 indicators, and can show changes in concentration between groups, but cannot represent the formation process of MAC on cells.
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The interleukin (IL)-1 family of cytokines is associated with immune response and inflammation. It consists of the following 11 different molecular forms: Intercellular IL-1α (IL-1F1), extracellular IL-1β (IL-1F2), IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra, IL-1F3), And IL-18 (IL-1F4), IL-33 (IL-1F11), IL-36α (IL-1F6), IL-36β (IL-1F8), IL-36γ (IL-1F9), IL-36Ra (IL-1F5), IL-37 (IL-1F7), and IL-38 (L-1F10). One of the most important pro-inflammatory cytokines is IL-1β. It is primarily an inactive 31 kDa precursor produced by monocytes and macrophages, interleukin-1β (proIL-1β), which under the action of cysteine protease IL-1 convertase (ICE) produces a mature and biologically active 17.5kDa protein IL-1β.The E-EL-M0037 kit detects mature IL-1β.
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The Liver function-related indicators we have ELISA kits are here for your reference: E-EL-H0556 Human LDHA(Lactate Dehydrogenase A) ELISA Kit E-EL-H2598 Human ALPL(Alkaline Phosphatase, Liver/Bone/Kidney) ELISA Kit E-EL-H6105 Human ALB(Albumin) ELISA Kit E-EL-0076 Bb(Bilirubin) ELISA Kit
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The detection antibodies in our ELISA kits are all HRP-based. Currently, there are no kits available for testing red blood cell lysate. For small amounts of hemoglobin, consider increasing the number of washing steps by 1-2 during the first plate washing step to reduce interference. However, besides hemoglobin, substances such as endogenous HRP enzymes released during the process of red blood cell lysis can also catalyze the substrate, so we still do not recommend testing with such samples.
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Tissue samples may contain endogenous or exogenous proteases during processing, leading to degradation of extracted proteins. Therefore, it's necessary to add protease inhibitors during processing to ensure the integrity of target proteins. If customers can keep samples cold and handle them quickly during processing, omitting the protease inhibitor may not have a significant effect. After preparation, samples should be tested promptly or immediately aliquoted and frozen at -20°C or -80°C.
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After the collection with the swab, elute with 500μl PBS, centrifuge at 5000×g for 10 minutes (if the sample remains turbid, try centrifuging at 10000×g), then collect the supernatant for testing.
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6-sulfatoxymelatonin (6-SMT) is a major metabolite of melatonin. While the melatonin ELISA kit theoretically may cross-react with 6-SMT to some extent, we do not recommend using it to detect this marker.
