Mini Sample Human GDF15  ( Growth Differentiation Factor 15 ) ELISA Kit (E-MSEL-H0014)

This ELISA kit uses the Sandwich-ELISA principle. The micro ELISA plate provided in this kit has been pre-coated with an antibody specific to GDF15 . Standards or samples are added to the micro ELISA plate wells and combined with the specific antibody. Then a biotinylated detection antibody specific for GDF15 and Avidin-Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) conjugate are added successively to each micro plate well and incubated. Free components are washed away. The substrate solution is added to each well. Only those wells that contain GDF15 , biotinylated detection antibody and Avidin-HRP conjugate will appear blue in color. The enzyme-substrate reaction is terminated by the addition of stop solution and the color turns yellow. The optical density (OD) is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450 nm ± 2 nm. The OD value is proportional to the concentration of GDF15 . You can calculate the concentration of GDF15 in the samples by comparing the OD of the samples to the standard curve.

GDF-15 is a member of the TGF-β superfamily.   GDF-15 is expressed as a 308 amino acids precursor that includes a signal peptide, a pro-domain, and a 112 residue mature protein.   The secreted pro-domain binds to the extracellular matrix, where it can be activated by multiple enzymes such as furin (PCSK3), PCSK5, PCSK6, MMP-26, and MT1-MMP.   GDF-15 is mainly expressed in placenta and prostate.   Its expression is low in other tissues such as kidney, bladder, stomach, pancreas, liver, and gall bladder.   GDF-15 is highly expressed in cancer cells with high levels detected in serum of cancer patients.   GDF-15 has an important role in metabolic syndrome.   GDF-15 transgenic mice present a lean phenotype.   Furthermore, GDF-15 affects the macrophages in adipose tissue.